These concrete mixes of widely differing water/cement ratios were made using palm kernel shell as course aggregate. The properties tested include the physical properties of the shell, the compressive, flexural and tensile splitting strengths of the concrete. ... In a short-term study, for up to 90 days, properties of oil palm shell (OPS ...
The concrete produced using PKS referred to here after as palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC) and its properties were compared with properties of normal weight concrete (NWC) of grade 30 produced using crushed granite aggregates. ... Characteristics Aggregates Oil palm kernel shell Bulk specific gravity (SSD) Water absorption (%) Dry rodded ...
The use of Palm kernel shells as aggregates for concrete, Paper presented at 21 st Annual Conference of Materials Testing, Control and Research, FMW, Lagos, Nigeria, pp. 20, 1990.
Abtract Palm kernel shell(PKS) is an agricultural waste which is environmental friendly. This research was focused on the assessment of characteristic strength of palm kernel shell concrete, with the view to be used as lightweight aggregate.
An artificial aggregate, the plam kernel shell obtained from palm nut, can be classified as organic lightweight aggregate.Tests on the concrete made with this material as coarse aggregate, show a ...
Results of the tests suggest that palm kernel shell cannot produce concrete with compressive strength above 30 MPa. However, for concrete grade 25 and below, the material …
with palm kernel shells and recommended codification of the use of palm kernel shells as aggregates in concrete. Index Terms— coarse aggregate, compressive strength, concrete, density, palm kernel shells, workability, —————————— —————————— 1.0 INTRODUCTION Concrete is the world's most consumed man made-
Oil palm kernel shell aggregate in concrete 13.1. concrete concrete as defined by Ramamurthy et al. [65] is either a cement paste or mortar, classified as LWC, in which air-voids are entrapped by suitable ing or …
Today, the concrete industry is the largest consumer of limited natural resources including sand, water, crushed rock and gravel [1].It was reported that the concrete industry consumes about nine billion tonnes of natural aggregates annually [2].However, as indicated by Nguyen et al. [3], most of the aggregates are excavated from natural sources such as river …
The result of laboratory characterization of the physical properties of palm kernel shell (PKS) attests to its quality and classification conforms to standard recommendation for a lightweight ...
This paper reviews previous research carried out on the use of oil palm kernel shell (OPKS) as lightweight aggregate (LWA). ... The water absorption of LWC such as expanded polystyrene concrete and pumice aggregate concrete is in the range of 3–6% [50] and 14–22% [54], respectively. And both show higher water absorption than that of NWC [40 ...
This research examines the effect of palm kernel shell (PKS) as aggregate in concrete with varying water cement ratio. Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) concrete cubes (144 cubes) of sizes 150mm x 150mm x ...
This paper presents a method of treatment of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) aggregates to remove the oil that inhibits the development of strength in PKS concrete. 13 treatments from 2 to 20 g/L concentration of solutions of potassium hydroxide were used to induce a saponification reaction with the oil present on the PKS surface.
The use of palm kernel shell as aggregates for concrete. The 21st Annual Conference of Materials Testing, Control and Research. Federal Ministry of Works,FMW, Lagos, Nigeria, 20 - 23. Jumaat, M. Z., Alengaram, U. J. and Mahmud, H. (2009). Influence of sand/cement ratio on mechanical properties of palm kernel shell concrete.
These concrete mixes of widely differing water/cement ratios were made using palm kernel shell as course aggregate. The properties tested include the physical properties of the …
This paper presents a preliminary assessment of some properties of asphaltic concrete, with partial replacement of fine aggregate (sand) with crushed palm kernel shell.
aggregates with palm kernel shells in the production of structural concrete. The study identified possible cost reduction in replacing granite with palm kernel shells and recommended …
Concrete mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 and water-cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 were used for the normal weight concrete and 10% of the volume of coarse aggregate was substituted by PKS for the concrete with ...
DOI: 10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2012.08.026 Corpus ID: 62889439; Utilization of oil palm kernel shell as lightweight aggregate in concrete - a review @article{Alengaram2013UtilizationOO, title={Utilization of oil palm kernel shell as lightweight aggregate in concrete - a review}, author={Ubagaram Johnson Alengaram and Baig Abdullah Al Muhit and Mohd Zamin Jumaat}, …
The use of agricultural and industrial wastes in building and road construction to reduce environmental pollution is now a global trend for sustainable development [1], [2].Palm kernel shell (PKS) or oil palm shell, which is obtained from oil palm production is abundantly available as agricultural wastes in the tropical countries like Nigeria, Malaysia, Brazil, etc. [3], …
[8] compared concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates. Two mix ratios (1:1:2 and 1:2:4) were adopted in the study. The study concluded that the compressive strength of the concrete decreased as the percentage of shell substitution increased. However, the coconut shell
2013. Palm kernel shell (PKS) is a solid waste and a by- product from processing palm nuts to produce palm oils. Palm kernel shell is non toxic, inert, bio -renewable, abundantly available, strong, stiff, lightweight and corrosion resistant Most coarse aggregates are from quarries which are expensive to produce.
Comparative analysis of mechanical properties of palm kernel shell concrete with periwinkle shell concrete is presented in the paper. The binder and fine aggregate were Ordinary Portland cement ...
Based on some research, After an evaluation of the viability of using palm kernel shell in place of conventional aggregates in concrete, it has been determined that palm kernel shell is a ...
Oil palm kernel shell (OPKS) is an organic lightweight aggregate (LWA) used as coarse aggregate in tropical countries for concrete in low-cost buildings. Concrete mixture proportioning is used to calculate the quantities of different constituents required to achieve different properties. For LWA concrete with mineral aggregate, there exist mix design methods …
Palm kernel shells have been used by other researchers as lightweight aggregate to produce lightweight aggregate concrete. The palm kernel shells was used after removing the dust and fibres, while the sizes used ranges from 2mm to 5mm depending on the machine used to crack the palm nuts. (Alengaram, et-al 2010) 2.20 Sources of Palm Kernel ...
Crushed palm kernel shell (CPKS) and PKS were added at 20, 40, 50, 60 and 80% by weight of total aggregates to partially replace the fine and coarse aggregates in asphaltic concrete.
Palm kernel shell (PKS) is the hard endocarp of palm kernel fruit that surrounds the palm seed. It is obtained as crushed pieces after threshing or crushing to remove the seed, which is used in the production of palm kernel oil (Olutoge, 1995). PKS is light and can be ideal for substitution as aggregate in the production of concrete.
This paper presents information on the physical and mechanical properties of different sizes of palm kernel shells (PKS) used here as lightweight aggregates (LWA) and their influence on mechanical properties of palm kernel shell concrete (PKSC). Silica fume and fly ash were used as cementitious materials and all mixes had 1% superplasticizer on cement weight. It has been …
This study was carried out to investigate the use of palm kernel shell in replacement of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate on compressive strength of 1:1:2, 1:1.5:3, 1:2:4 and 1:3:6 …
The unit weight of the palm kernel shell aggregate is 500-600 kg/m 3, which is almost 60% less than the weight of traditional crushed stone aggregates [21, 32, 33].The creation and application of ...
aggregate with palm kernel shell in concrete gives a significant decrease in cost and weight of the concrete without much affecting the compressive strength of concrete. There is a large scope of making the construction environmental friendly by replacing the construction material with waste. ...
4.5 The Feasibility of Palm Kernel Shell as Replacement for Coarse Aggregate in Lightweight Concrete Itam et al. [ 2 ] conducted a study to determine the possibility of substituting PKS aggregates in lightweight concrete as an effort to improve the compressive strength, workability, water absorption and density of PKS concrete.
An artificial aggregate, the plam kernel shell obtained from palm nut, can be classified as organic lightweight aggregate. Tests on the concrete made with this material as …
Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) are fractions of shells that result from the cracking of the nut to remove the seed for the production of palm kernel oil. They are of irregular shapes and vary in sizes from fine aggregate to coarse aggregate. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of PKS on Normal Weight Concrete (NWC) as partial replacement of normal weight aggregate (NWA). …
Oil palm kernel shell aggregate in concrete13.1. concrete. concrete as defined by Ramamurthy et al. [65] is either a cement paste or mortar, classified as LWC, in which air-voids are entrapped by suitable ing or aerating agent.
Palm Kernel Shell Concrete (PKSC) has been reported to have low workability at percentage replacements higher than 30% of natural coarse aggregate (Zaruna 2016, Ikponmwosa and …