The quantity of iron slag dumped in open land in the surrounding areas poses a serious hazard to living things. The utilization of iron slag in concrete production is an excellent prelude to its eventual disposal. With the constant increase in iron slag production, it is necessary and appropriate to employ it in concrete rather than dispose of it.
Usually, iron and steelmaking slags can be categorized as GGBS, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, or ladle furnace (LF) slag, according to the considered production ...
Iron slag (IS) is one such industrial by-product derived from the iron and steel industries. IS can be processed to resemble the size of natural fine aggregate (NFA) in …
The steel slag is a residue of the production process of steel. The slag is mainly composed by: silica, alumina, titanium, iron sand and combinations of calcium and magnesium oxides. The function of the slag during the steelmaking process is to maintain the temperature of the molten …
A major difference between the NFM slags and other more commonly used SCMs is the high iron content in these slags [15], thereby yielding a higher Fe/Si, Fe/Ca and Fe/Al ratio compared to conventional SCMs such as blast furnace slag or fly ash, which could have an impact on the phase assemblage of hydrated cements.Several Fe-forms of typical cement …
During steel production, the impurities in the hot metal react with the fluxes forming the steel slag. Chemical constituents of this steel slag (SS) are relevant to iron/steelmaking or blended cement manufacture. Harmful impurities present in it, however, limit its recycling to these applications. Japan, Europe, and the US consume a significant amount of their SS, but more …
Emphasizing industrial by-products is an innovative way to promote sustainable development. One such replacement is iron slag, a by-product of the steel industry. According to research, filler...
Chemical composition of the BOF slag from the literature (average, maximum and minimum values, and distribution of the concentration (in % of weight) of each chemical component) [8,27,31-35,37-40].
Steel slag is a by-product obtained through the separation of molten steel from impurities in steel-making furnaces. It can be produced by different types of furnaces (blast, basic oxygen, electric arc, ladle furnaces). The reuse of metallurgical slags in road pavements can pursue aims of recycling and environmental sustainability. Based on the extensive literature, …
Technical Guides. A guide to the use of iron blast furnace slag in cement and concrete The technical guide, which is supplementary to the Association's Guide to the Use of Slag in Roads, reviews in some detail the properties of slag in cement and concrete.The guide is a technical evaluation supported by field experience, that shows a coproduct such as iron blast furnace …
Existing literature reported the formation of the hydration products such as C–(A)–S–H gels, ettringite, ... Iron Slag is smooth and regular in nature, whereas SS is coarse, has a lot of active empty space, and has a certain amount of Ca(OH) 2 (Calcium hydroxide) crystals linked to it.
iron- and steelmaking slag in construction and envi-ronmental treatment is facing have been discussed. The article was aimed to provide an insight of proper management on iron- and steelmaking slag. Iron- and steelmaking slag Slag is an inevitable by-product in metal making process. Iron slag (slag of blast furnace BF) and steel
1. Introduction. In recent years, the massive accumulation of solid waste, such as iron tailings and red mud, has caused serious problems to the ecological environment [1,2,3].Studies related to iron tailings have described that the annual production of iron tailings in China is 47.5 million tons [].However, the annual comprehensive utilization rate of iron tailings is only 18.9%, and its ...
This paper provides an overview of steel slag generation and a literature review on the chemical and mineralogical properties of steel slags. ... During the steel refining period, oxygen is injected into the molten steel …
The addition of a small amount of iron powder (0.1 kg iron powder for 1 kg ilmenite ore) was proved to largely enhanced the leaching rates of both iron and titanium. When the solid/liquid ratio was increased from 1/20 to 1/8, complete dissolution of both iron and titanium was achieved in 1.5 h with iron powder addition compared with 2.5 h under ...
World of Iron and Steel Slag Network. International Glossary of Terms 2020. Launched at the National Slag Association 102 nd Annual Meeting. September 22, 2020 . GLOSSARY OF TERMS. This glossary contains terms and phrases that are commonly used by those who are involved with the production, handling, management, storage, value add applications and use …
Ladle furnace slag (LFS), a by-product of steel refining, shows a promising reuse pathway as an alternative additive or substitute for Portland cement due to its high alkalinity and similar chemical composition to clinkers. However, LFS is often stored in large, open surface areas, leading to many environmental issues. To tackle waste management challenges, LFS can be recycled as …
The previously published literature for incorporating iron silicate slags in SCM applications includes various testing procedures with multiple parameters varying between studies. Therefore, the present paper offers a first insight into the effect of processing parameters on the inherent reactivity of an industrially produced iron silicate slag.
In this review, steel slag usage in the cement and concrete industry and its environmental effects were examined. Also, its physical and chemical structure, its effect on …
reduce the no n-iron impurities in titanium slag totall y by 5%, which is the key to improve the titanium c ontent of titanium slag from 70%-72% to 80%.
Lower grade ores yield much higher slag fractions, sometimes as high as one tonne of slag per tonne of pig iron produced. Steel slag output is approximately 20-30% by mass of the crude steel ...
Steel slag (SS) and Iron slag (IS) is a waste product from the steel and iron industries that have been used to replace aggregates in concrete. This study reviews specifically the various...
iron ore and coke are m e lt ed t o get h er i n a b l a s t fu rn ace, iron an d sl ag a r e cre a t e d in t h e molten st ate. When the slag from the blast fu rna c e is mol t en, i t is swif ...
Technical Literature The ASA in conjunction with various individuals and companies has produced a range of technical literature since foundation in 1990. Through the development of technical guides, technical reports, reference data sheets and case studies, the association aims to disseminate information relevant to all interested parties to ...
The iron and steel industry in India releases significant amounts of solid waste, including GGBS, which is a byproduct of blast furnace slag, at a temperature of 1500 °C, entailing a specific ratio of iron ore, coke, and limestone as a raw material in furnace to procure iron from the iron ore [14].
Iron slag (IS) is one such industrial by-product derived from the iron and steel industries. IS can be processed to resemble the size of natural fine aggregate (NFA) in concrete.
This paper briefly reviews some of the workability properties indicating the fresh-state performance of iron/steel slag concrete. The effects of different tests due to slag content …
As an industrial byproduct of smelter operations, smelting slag has brought certain environmental issues including without taking safety precautions or using appropriate management. Through a thorough analysis of the literature published in the last years, the latest research progress on the characteristics, resource utilization pathways, and safety utilization …
One such replacement is iron slag, a by-product of the steel industry. According to research, filler iron slag can replace up to 50% of the coarse aggregates in concrete production. In contrast, steel
Worldwide iron slag production in 2014 was estimated on the order of 310–370 Mt, while steel slag was about 170–250 Mt . In the USA, the ... Table 11.5 Chemical properties of electrical arc furnace slag (EAFS) used in the literature. Full size table.
Large amounts of copper slag are produced every year and major fractions of it are currently disposed, not withstanding the multiple ways the material can be used. Application of the slag is often limited by the presence of hazardous elements and their leaching behavior so they can potentially pollute soil, surface water and underground water. To remove such elements …
The iron and steel slag is characterized by highly alkaline nature and significant levels of metal ions, especially Ca. According to U.S. Geological Survey (USGS 2018), every year almost 15–20 million ton of iron/ferrous slag and about 10–15 million ton of steel slag is produced. These large quantities of slag are often stockpiled in huge ...
This paper explores the use of iron slag in concrete production through a literature review and promotes the idea of a circular economy. Discover the world's research 25+ million members
Iron slag (IS) an industrial bi-product, can be utilized as natural sand (NS) in developing non-traditional concrete [13]. 'Iron slag' a byproduct of iron manufacturing industry resembles to NS due to identical appearance and particle gradation. Silica-SiO 2, calcium-CaO, alumina-Al 2 O 3, and magnesia-MgO are the primary components of IS ...
Although iron recovery is evident by the described reduction methods, the reduction of P 2 O 5 is inevitable from steel slag during the recovery process [18], contaminating the reduced metals as phosphorus is known as a harmful element in steel.Besides, slag modification to lower basicity is usually required during reduction to improve iron recovery [16], [17], [19].
Copper slag is not only a waste but it has many valuable and recoverable metals present in it such as iron. Therefore, this study focuses on the utilization of waste materials i.e., copper slag and tire char for iron recovery. …
Use of blast furnace slag in cementitious materials for pavements - Systematic literature review and eco-efficiency. Author links open overlay panel Lucas Henrique Pereira Silva a b, ... Slags are residual materials from the iron and steel industry, resulting from the processing of silica, present as iron ore impurity, and limestone, at high ...
In the present study, aluminum matrix composites have synthesized through the liquid metallurgy method. The impact of iron slag reinforcement with dual-range particle size has been thoroughly examined in these composites for wear applications. The 15 wt.% iron slag-reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites, with a fine-to-coarse ratio of 4:1, demonstrated …
The literature review covers four major parts: (1) a brief summary of the background of iron and steel manufacturing in the IIUIA, types of slag deposits, and the quality of surface and groundwater in the area; (2) an overview of iron and steel slag chemistry and uses; (3) site assessment and considerations for slag fill site reclamation; and ...