bentonite clay in the drilling operations in Nigeria alone is over 100 thousand tons a year [1]. This large consumption has led to various attempt in finds ing a ... Beneficiation is a process ...
Abstract: A sample of Yola montmorillonite clay deposit was beneficiated and evaluated for drilling fluid application. The raw clay contains large proportion of impurities and was beneficiated via …
Calcium bentonite may be converted to Sodium bentonite (termed Sodium beneficiation or . ... Bentonite clay can be used . as a binding material; it obeys pozzolanic properties 5-7.
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Beneficiation and applications of an Egyptian bentonite" by M. Hassan et al. ... of geothermal plants with capacities up to 10,000 MWe in Kenya has recently placed greater demand on bentonite clay. Bentonite clay is at present largely imported into …
A system and method for rapid beneficiation of bentonite clay is disclosed. Beneficiation of the bentonite clay occurs through oxidation of structural ferrous iron. For rapid beneficiation, bentonite clay, preferably ground, is subjected to moist air while the clay is being agitated, preferably by tumbling within a rotating drum, to provide rapid exchange of moisture and oxygen in the air …
Furthermore, the deposition of Fe and Pd metals over bentonite clay increased the specific surface area and enhanced the tetracycline removal from aqueous solution; after the deposition of Fe/Pd metals on bentonite clay, the composite attained a removal percentage of tetracycline 3 times larger than the removal percentage of Fe/Pd. ...
This study will enable the performance of Nigerian clay to be benchmarked against the imported Bentonite and also ascertain that the utilization of this clay for any industrial application will ...
Therefore, it is necessary to combine the beneficiation process for purification to be more suitable for various industrial uses. Kaolinite clay beneficiation mainly includes sand removal, iron removal, sulfur removal and …
This paper presents dataset on the beneficiation of a Nigerian clay mineral for drilling mud application. The experimental design applied used a Response Surface Design (RSM), which involved 2-4 ...
bentonite to sodium bentonite by treating them with MATERIALS AND METHODS sodium salts in order to exchange the calcium ions for sodium and obtain a bentonite with improved swelling A' Beneficiation capacity and viscosity (Atom 1937; Holly 1968; Razes Bulk sample of the bentonite clay was collected from 1981). Yola.
Bulk sample of the bentonite clay was collected from Yola. This bulk sample was subjected to two benefici- ... beneficiation and prepared Na-bentonite were designat-ed DS, WS and STS respectively. ...
The viscosity of the clay at various concentrations in grams of 17.5, 21.0 and 24.5 was also observed to be far below the required value of 30 cp at 600 rpm, but upon beneficiation with 1.0 g of ...
The mineralogical and elemental study of Nigerian bentonite clay deposits carried out by researchers in the 80s, 90s and early 2000s has revealed that beneficiation of these …
Beneficiated bentonites, which contain predominantly smectite minerals, have many uses, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and advanced composite materials. The …
Bentonite sample post beneficiation was treated with sulfuric acid followed by calcination. The structural augmentation of the acid-treated bentonite was examined by characterization techniques comprising of XRF, FTIR, XRD, DTA, SEM and BET. ... Bentonite clay, a versatile and naturally occurring clay mineral, has garnered significant attention ...
After beneficiation by NaCl, the volume percentage of the fine particle size increased dramatically compared to the raw sample, and two maxima (one centered at 0.3 μm and the other centered at 1.5 μm) were attributed to the purity of the purified bentonite clay, hence this small particle size suggests the application of purified clays in ...
According to previous research, beneficiation of Nigerian bentonite from its predominant calcium-based composition to sodium-based clay can go a long way in improving its properties. Bentonite is the main substance which provides …
The beneficiation of bentonite clay was carried out by crushing to particle size < 74 μm using a mortar, pestle, and sieve and followed using gravity separation, purified using distilled water, and recovered by centrifugation. Finally, the precipitate was dried after decantation and filtered at 105°C for 24 h and stored in tightly closed ...
The vast deposits of Nigerian bentonite clay have many significant uses in different aspects of industrial fields of which the oil and gas industry is a potential consumer of this clay mineral.
The beneficiation of bentonite clay wa s . ... Bentonite clay from Pindiga, Gombe State, Nigeria was investigated for its mineral content using X-ray diffraction technique. The chemical ...
Bentonite continues to rank second in quantity only to barite as a mud additive, as shown in Fig. 11-2.14 In spite of the partial replacement of bentonite by polymers in some muds, about 1,160,000 short tons (1,050,000 tonnes) of swelling-type bentonite, with a well-site cost of roughly $120,000,000 (check also oil well drilling well cost per foot), was used in 1978.
The raw Pindiga clay sample had high iron oxide content up to 26.54 wt% which reduced to 24.15 wt% after beneficiation, while the raw Gambe clay contained 11.87 wt% iron oxide which reduced to 4. ...
This paper presents dataset on the beneficiation of a Nigerian clay mineral for drilling mud application. The experimental design applied used a Response Surface Design (RSM), which involved 2 4 (2-Level, 4-Factors) to generate statistical models, and analyze the dataset. The independent variables were (Bentonite; X 1), (Polymer; X 2), (Sodium Carbonate, X 3) and …
The beneficiation of the clay using sodium carbonate and Kelzan s XCD polymer ensued in an improvement in the rheological properties of the formulated drilling mud. These properties were comparable with the API specification 13-A for …
The mineral characterization of bentonite clay deposits in Nigeria in its raw form have indicated that the clays are mainly calcium-based montmorillonite and this differs significantly from the industry standard which is a sodium based montmorillonite clay. Beneficiation or activation of these clays with a sodium salt has been largely used by ...
3. Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine grained minerals, which shows plasticity through a variable range of water content and which can be hardened when dried or fired. Clay deposits are mostly composed of clay minerals (phyllosilicate minerals) and variable amount of water trapped in the mineral. Clay materials have been …
Utilization of these clays, after their upgrading and activation, can represent a value-added to the Egyptian economy by preventing the importation of high quality activated clays. The aim of this …
Locally available Bentonite clay is structurally augmented by acid activation to enhance the catalytic properties. Bentonite sample post beneficiation was treated with sulfuric acid followed by ...
Clay is defined as a natural, earthy, fine-grained material, largely of a group of crystalline hydrous silicate minerals known as clay minerals. ... (1992). Bentonite and Fuller's earth resources of the United States. Washington, DC. US Geological Survey (USGS Professional Paper 1522). ... Mukherjee, S. (2013). Environmental Degradations ...
Dry beneficiation is generally used to process bentonite with better raw ore quality, or bentonite-rich ore with montmorillonite content of more than 80%.This method is to dry the raw ore in the sun, air dry it naturally or dry it in the oven. It is first crushed manually or with a jaw crusher, and then crushed with a Raymond mill and other roll mills into 100 mesh, 150 mesh, …
The clay sample was a calcium montmorillonite with the major oxides being Silicon oxide (47.38%), Aluminum oxide (21.27%), and Ferric oxide (10.66%). Beneficiation is simply a procedure for removing impurities or associated minerals that are not needed, thereby improving the quality of the bentonite clay (Olugbenga et al., Citation 2013). Some ...
The beneficiation of bentonite clay was carried out by crushing to particle size <74 m using a mortar, pestle and sieve, and followed using gravity separation, purified using distilled water and ...